STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle)
STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle. It is a step-by-step process followed by the testing team to ensure that the software is bug free and meets the requirements of the customer. It has 6 phases:
1. Requirement Analysis
2. Test Plan
3. Testcase Development
4. Test Environment Setup
5. Test Execution
6. Test Closure
01Requirement Analysis
The testing team or the QA lead studies the requirements from the SRS (Software Requirement Specifications) document. They identify what needs to be tested and whether the requirements are clear and testable.
02Test Planning
The QA lead prepares the testing strategy and plans the testing activities.
They decide the scope of testing, testing types, resources, timeline, tools and risks.
03Testcase Development
In this phase, testers write a detailed test cases and prepare test data based on the requirements.
Example: Test Case for Login functionality
Test case ID: TC_Login_01
Scenario: Verify user is able to login with valid Credentials
Steps:
1. Open the Login Pagr
2. Enter the valid Username
3. Enter the valid password
4. Click on login button
Expected Result: The user is able to login and navigate to the Home page successfully.
04Test Environment Setup
The testing environment is prepared before executing the test cases. This includes browsers, required software and tools, test accounts, test servers etc..
05Test Execution
Testers execute all the prepared test cases in this phase. If the actual result matches the expected result then mark the testcase as Pass. If not, raise a bug and assign it to the respective developer. The developer makes some changes and the tester re-tests it.
06Test Closure
After all the testing activities are completed and the crucial defects are resolved, the QA team prepares a test closure document. In this document, the number of testcases executes, defects found, what went well and what not, lessons learnt is mentioned.